Man is the only animal that can have "selective memory" (and we have forgotten the peseta). I remember that few days before our entry into the € in a bar the bartender I predicted that coffee with milk (which 60pts cost at that time) would cost a few days € 1 . Accounted for triple . Valga this story for us to realize that the single currency was an attack on the living conditions of the masses.
And over the years the labor movement has tried to get certain achievements, not only wages but also conditions
and social life. But the mirror we can see that this has only been possible for the core of the movement or for certain elites from the masses.
The EU
The European Union is building a regional economic bloc that served the interests of European imperialism. A block with the defeat of Stalinism opened the doors to new markets and cheap labor and discipline. But at the same time fulfilled the Luxemburg thesis when he said that capitalism is always in need of raw materials. Where is the oil? in the different ex-ex-Soviet republics. It was therefore necessary to destroy two Multinational States: the USSR and Yugoslavia. Germany did not obtain the two world wars, it was going to get now. Germany creates its own zone of influence and yet managed to German Unity. The destruction of Yugoslavia and its democracy (degenerate) in several states allowed (with the help of "structural adjustment " fostered by the IMF ) the disappearance of the social property . By creating ethnic states the NATO began to move the former Soviet republics closer to the platform and the Caspian Sea. Senile capitalism from that time became more "militaristic" and with a political objective that Russia will never again be a great power.
On the other hand, the German unification was priced as it was not a unification, but consisted of a expropriation of state property (as in Yugoslavia and the USSR). Property that passed into the hands of Western capitalists. Ie we could use a term to explain that: colonization. The strategy deindustrialize lived in East Germany, which expanded the range of inequalities among the Germans: "For the period 1991-1996, 1181 Miliard DEM, essentially aimed at the unemployed, social benefits, the payment of the debts of the Treuhand , infrastructure and agriculture, were transferred to Germany del Este. Only about 10% were devoted to real investment [Friz Vilmar, Gislaine Guittard, La face cachée de l'unification allemande ] This invoice had to pay someone ....
Hegemony [neoliberal] burgesa
European integration was never a progressive output, since from the beginning it is as "economic bloc." The European bourgeoisie from the "European Coal " tried to build a regional bloc that could carry out the competition with the United States. And against the dollar, other currencies needed to allow the economic inercambio. But never was a political union . Tangible evidence was the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the submission foreign policy from Europe to NATO and the imperialist policies of the United States, disguised as "humanitarian intervention ." Disintegration of a State which also allowed that "the German mark" got what he could not get Hitler's Germany with its militarism. Balkans ultimately becomes shuttle to the appropriation raw materials from former Soviet republics ....
Therefore, the Euro appears under the hegemony of the German mark. Economic union that is in addition under the hegemony of the European bourgeoisie, not a progressive or leftist politics.; Is rather under the umbrella of neoliberalism . For this very reason, and in 1998, Alan Woods said "the economies of Germany, Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary combined constitute a market of 140 million people, with a total GDP of 2.4 trillion dollars," and later went on to say that "in reality, Central Europe has an unmistakable German accent. With caution, the economic powerhouse of Europe dominates the region once traversed by tanks. He jumped over of Austria and the U.S., becoming the largest investor in Central Europe. Companies, joint ventures join cross its borders, and more than 6000 only in Hungary. Germany is the most generous donor of aid to Central Europe and its most powerful trading partner ...." [The Socialist Alternative to the European Union, Marxism Today No. 4 ]
To achieve this hegemony is necessary a disciplined working class ( Eastern countries), a minimal and cheap labor. In the East it was all achieved through the plans' structure adjustment l " advocated by the IMF and World Bank [See Peter Gowan, The focus on globalization n , Akal, chap. IX]
However, the bourgeoisie in Western Europe needed to "attack" the welfare state, ending social gains of the Labour Movement. Worth only one example, currently in vogue: the pension . As you said Alan Woods this conquest that settles the postwar Keynesian pact was given by the "Iron Chancellor" O. Bismarck in the 19th century. However, at that time life expectancy was 45 years. Today
bourgeoisie can not afford it, you need money and at the same time need to increase the rate of exploitation. Up economic spokesman, as The Economist newspaper is clear: We must work a lifetime! A change is intended to privatize pensions in order to speculate with our money.
The economy is not neutral. You have to choose between economic policies and the European bourgeoisie chose their own: increased rate of exploitation, decline of social rights, questioning the role of trade unions. This is only possible with a long period of austerity .
European convergence fails to provide alternatives to the labor movement. And in a moment from the 1980 unemployment has become structural . Keep in mind that although the individual recoveries unemployment has not declined in Europe of 18 million unemployed (official figure)
What is the solution under capitalism? Always more unemployment, more austere and more and more exploitation. "By what means the European capitalists aim to reduce unemployment? Cutting social benefits to force the unemployed to accept low-paying jobs, removing barriers to the dismissal of workers (labor 2flexibilidad") and promoting job insecurity or unprotected part-time work and low wages. In Spain, 34% of the working population now works with precarious contracts, including many young people who have been forced to accept in the absence of an alternative from the 80 "[Alan Woods ]
Javier Méndez-Vigo
And over the years the labor movement has tried to get certain achievements, not only wages but also conditions
and social life. But the mirror we can see that this has only been possible for the core of the movement or for certain elites from the masses. The EU
The European Union is building a regional economic bloc that served the interests of European imperialism. A block with the defeat of Stalinism opened the doors to new markets and cheap labor and discipline. But at the same time fulfilled the Luxemburg thesis when he said that capitalism is always in need of raw materials. Where is the oil? in the different ex-ex-Soviet republics. It was therefore necessary to destroy two Multinational States: the USSR and Yugoslavia. Germany did not obtain the two world wars, it was going to get now. Germany creates its own zone of influence and yet managed to German Unity. The destruction of Yugoslavia and its democracy (degenerate) in several states allowed (with the help of "structural adjustment " fostered by the IMF ) the disappearance of the social property . By creating ethnic states the NATO began to move the former Soviet republics closer to the platform and the Caspian Sea. Senile capitalism from that time became more "militaristic" and with a political objective that Russia will never again be a great power.
On the other hand, the German unification was priced as it was not a unification, but consisted of a expropriation of state property (as in Yugoslavia and the USSR). Property that passed into the hands of Western capitalists. Ie we could use a term to explain that: colonization. The strategy deindustrialize lived in East Germany, which expanded the range of inequalities among the Germans: "For the period 1991-1996, 1181 Miliard DEM, essentially aimed at the unemployed, social benefits, the payment of the debts of the Treuhand , infrastructure and agriculture, were transferred to Germany del Este. Only about 10% were devoted to real investment [Friz Vilmar, Gislaine Guittard, La face cachée de l'unification allemande ] This invoice had to pay someone ....
Hegemony [neoliberal] burgesa
European integration was never a progressive output, since from the beginning it is as "economic bloc." The European bourgeoisie from the "European Coal " tried to build a regional bloc that could carry out the competition with the United States. And against the dollar, other currencies needed to allow the economic inercambio. But never was a political union . Tangible evidence was the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the submission foreign policy from Europe to NATO and the imperialist policies of the United States, disguised as "humanitarian intervention ." Disintegration of a State which also allowed that "the German mark" got what he could not get Hitler's Germany with its militarism. Balkans ultimately becomes shuttle to the appropriation raw materials from former Soviet republics ....
Therefore, the Euro appears under the hegemony of the German mark. Economic union that is in addition under the hegemony of the European bourgeoisie, not a progressive or leftist politics.; Is rather under the umbrella of neoliberalism . For this very reason, and in 1998, Alan Woods said "the economies of Germany, Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary combined constitute a market of 140 million people, with a total GDP of 2.4 trillion dollars," and later went on to say that "in reality, Central Europe has an unmistakable German accent. With caution, the economic powerhouse of Europe dominates the region once traversed by tanks. He jumped over of Austria and the U.S., becoming the largest investor in Central Europe. Companies, joint ventures join cross its borders, and more than 6000 only in Hungary. Germany is the most generous donor of aid to Central Europe and its most powerful trading partner ...." [The Socialist Alternative to the European Union, Marxism Today No. 4 ]
To achieve this hegemony is necessary a disciplined working class ( Eastern countries), a minimal and cheap labor. In the East it was all achieved through the plans' structure adjustment l " advocated by the IMF and World Bank [See Peter Gowan, The focus on globalization n , Akal, chap. IX]
However, the bourgeoisie in Western Europe needed to "attack" the welfare state, ending social gains of the Labour Movement. Worth only one example, currently in vogue: the pension . As you said Alan Woods this conquest that settles the postwar Keynesian pact was given by the "Iron Chancellor" O. Bismarck in the 19th century. However, at that time life expectancy was 45 years. Today
bourgeoisie can not afford it, you need money and at the same time need to increase the rate of exploitation. Up economic spokesman, as The Economist newspaper is clear: We must work a lifetime! A change is intended to privatize pensions in order to speculate with our money.
The economy is not neutral. You have to choose between economic policies and the European bourgeoisie chose their own: increased rate of exploitation, decline of social rights, questioning the role of trade unions. This is only possible with a long period of austerity .
European convergence fails to provide alternatives to the labor movement. And in a moment from the 1980 unemployment has become structural . Keep in mind that although the individual recoveries unemployment has not declined in Europe of 18 million unemployed (official figure)
What is the solution under capitalism? Always more unemployment, more austere and more and more exploitation. "By what means the European capitalists aim to reduce unemployment? Cutting social benefits to force the unemployed to accept low-paying jobs, removing barriers to the dismissal of workers (labor 2flexibilidad") and promoting job insecurity or unprotected part-time work and low wages. In Spain, 34% of the working population now works with precarious contracts, including many young people who have been forced to accept in the absence of an alternative from the 80 "[Alan Woods ]
Javier Méndez-Vigo
0 comments:
Post a Comment