" What failed in Russia and Eastern Europe was not communism or socialism, in the sense that this was understood by Marx and Lenin but a bureaucratic and totalitarian caricature [Alan Woods ]
Today the capitalist bourgeoisie is celebrating. To the best of his cynicism and demagogy that even the credit granted to a journalist who twenty years ago asked a question to a minister of the GDR.
2009 is also the anniversary of the German Revolution of 1919 and the murder of the two leaders [ Luxemburg and k. Liebnkecht ] conducted by the German Social Democracy. It is also the anniversary of the founding of the Communist International. Finally, it is the anniversary of the Asturian Commune . But these celebrations do not exist for the global bourgeoisie. They are celebrations that "did not exist."
1989 marked the end of history for neoliberalism. The past is what failed and, therefore, forget, not to lie. What they really want is that the Labour Movement forget what you meant 1917 Revolution, we must make democracy forget the workers' councils . Because if achieved, all that remains is liberal democracy.
And yet it moves, the story continues its course. The Revolution (Bolivarian or any other) again seems. We refuse to accept uncritically the bourgeois democracy.
What is the Wall?
The Wall is the result of the Yalta agreements . But before this occurred sse Molotov-Ribentrov , whereby Stalin and Hitler divided Poland. But the pact did not prevent the Nazi Germany invaded the USSR. But meanwhile what's happened in the USSR?. The triumph of the Stalinist counter-revolution : there are purges that fell from 1936 to 1938 in the underground in the insulators and the gulags entire Bolshevik old guard and thousands of Communists who defended the gains of October and workers' democracy. [See, Pierre Broué , Communists from Stalin ]
On the other hand, the heroic struggle of the Soviet people managed to retain first and later Nazi troops, with the help of the Red Army defeated Hitler and reach gates of Berlin. But " the triumph of the Soviet Union in World War II had contradictory effects: on one hand the Soviet people was proud of having defeated the Nazi aocupación, but on the other, had paid too high a price under the direction Stali bureaucratic: for more than three years the Soviet territory was the scene of war, around 1700 small to medium-sized cities and 70,000 rural villages were completely destroyed. Were wiped out entire generations of workers and young people: 21 million Soviet citizens died in the war and more than one and half million were deported on Stalin's orders. The demographic impact was felt over the years, yet in 1950 the population of the USSR was in 90% of its pre-war levels [Claudia Cinatti ]
The defeat of Nazism was that Stalinism took root during decades. But this was no major movement against the bureaucracy and time with consiguietes defeats by bureaucracy that attempts to political revolution:
1. 1953 East Germany Done that occurs almost immediately after Stalin's death. A wave of strikes for the improvement of living conditions in solfa leads to the bureaucracy of the German State. Strike where and the German people of East Germany calling for unification. But where once called the "workers' democracy 'and workers' control of production, together with the disappearance of the single party. Said first uprising was brutally suppressed by Russian troops (300,000 Russians) with tanks and heavy weapons were deployed in Berlin.
2. The Revolution of 1956 Hungarian tips
" The Hungarian uprising of 1956 is undoubtedly one of the highest points of the process of political revolution that swept Eastern Europe, combining claims against national oppression suffered by these countries at the hands of Moscow, the fight for the expulsion of the bureaucracy and the democratization of the regime and economic planning [Claudia Cinatti ]. If we heed the great historian P. Broué would have to say that Hungarian Revolution was an eminently political revolution led by the labor movement combining the army and the broader working class. And developing a true democracy 'council. This created a great central workers' council in Budapest that "in the interest of Hungary's socialist construction" raised suspend the general strike in exchange for a number of conditions including "that set a date for free elections in which only may participate parties recognize and have always recognized the socialist order based on the principle that the means of production belong to society. " Program that belied the Stalinist slander that was a revolution to defend capitalist interests. The revolution would end up being crushed by the invasion of Warsaw Pact forces: 19 divisions with more than 200,000 troops crushed the revolution Imry Nagy was deposed, arrested and executed. A revolution where Hungarians fell 20,000 workers councils defending ... and 3,500 Russian soldiers.
3. The Prague Spring
In 1968, coinciding with the revolutionary upsurge in the West (May 1968) and the anti-imperialist struggle in Vietnam, see the " socialism with a human face" in Czechoslovakia and an economic project (conducted by economist Ota Sik) is to build a market socialism. The irony is that its top leader Dubcek was a reformist supporter of Khrushchev policy.
The Kremliv under the aegis of the bureaucrat Brezhnev invaded Czechoslovakia and ended with the exprerimento of market socialism.
4.Polonia and Solidarity Poland
tried twice: first in 1956 and later in 1981. Would be precisely the emergence of the Solidarity union and struggle that would put the nail the bureaucratic regime.
The Polish people did not forget and in 1980 will revert to the paper which appeared in the labor struggles of 1956. What is really called the Solidarity trade union?: "Workers want to rule and are capable of it" "need a program based on the requirement of an expansion of economic power, so that it rests directly in the hands of working class, both at the enterprise level and at regional level and across the country. "
None of these developments, the labor movement of the Stalinist bloc countries sought to return to capitalism. Sought to recover the workers' democracy developed by the October Revolution and the Bolshevik Old Guard:
a) free and fair elections where people can choose and reverse them immediately to any charges when it serves the interests of democracy
b) That no public service or charge which represents the workers receive a wage above the average wage of a skilled worker
c) Control of labor and worker participation all levels of the Company
What falls to the Wall is not socialism but the Stalinist bureaucracy
Javier Méndez-Vigo
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